Using High-Density SNP Array to Investigate Genetic Relationships and Structure of Apple Germplasm in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Apple accessions, currently maintained within the two main ex situ collections in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), have previously been genotyped using microsatellite markers. The obtained molecular data provided insight into mislabeled accessions redundancies, as well overall genetic structure of germplasm. available dataset enabled creation a core collection consisting 52 accessions. reliability usefulness microsatellites has made this low-density marker system norm studies on apple However, increased access to medium- high-density SNP arrays, developed specifically for apples, opened new avenues research resources. In study, 45 genotypes 33 diploid from B&H 12 international reference cultivars were an Axiom® 480 K array order examine their relationships, population diversity, compare results with those calculated reported SSR profiles. SNPs displayed better ability differentiate based origin, cluster them according pedigree. Calculating identity by descent revealed 16 pairings first-degree relationships uncovered introgression ‘Delicious’ ‘Golden Delicious’ collection.